Labelling of non-prepacked foods
Non-prepacked foods (those that are sold loose, or packaged at the request of the consumer) have fewer requirements than those that are prepacked
Although the United Kingdom left the European Union (EU) in 2021, certain pieces of legislation (known as 'assimilated law') continue to apply until such time as they are replaced by new UK legislation, revoked or permitted to expire. This means that our guidance still contains references to legislation that originated from the EU.
This guidance is for England and Wales
This guidance relates to food that is loose and food that is packaged at the request of the consumer. This is collectively referred to as non-prepacked food.
The Food Information Regulations 2014 place minimal food information requirements on non-prepacked foods.
Until relatively recently, requirements for foods that are prepacked for direct sale (PPDS) were similar to those for non-prepacked foods. In 2021 they changed significantly, particularly relating to allergen information ('Natasha's law'); information on PPDS foods has therefore been moved into a separate guide: 'Labelling of prepacked-for-direct-sale foods'.
DEFINITIONS
'Loose' means food that is sold or displayed without packaging - for example, ice cream displayed in a freezer and served into a tub.
'Food that is packaged at the request of the consumer' means food that is sold or displayed without packaging but is placed in packaging after purchase - for example, a joint of ham displayed loose on a deli counter, slices of which are cut and placed into sealed bags when a consumer makes a purchase.
FOOD INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
You are required to provide the following food information for non-prepacked food:
- name of the food
- allergens present in the food
- in the case of a meat product, a meat content declaration (see below)
- in the case of irradiated food, an irradiated food statement (see below)
Please refer to the 'How to provide food information' section below.
While non-prepacked foods have far fewer food information requirements than prepacked foods, any information that must appear follows identical rules as when it appears on a prepacked product.
Full details for the name of the food can be found in 'Labelling of prepacked foods: product name'.
If you freshly prepare food that is ready for consumption, at the request of the consumer (cafes, restaurants, sandwich bars, catering vans, etc), there is no requirement to label the food with a name.
MEAT PRODUCTS
A meat product is any product that contains meat as an ingredient.
You are required to declare how much of the product is made of meat in the form of a percentage; this is referred to as a quantitative ingredient declaration (QUID).
Full details for QUID can be found in 'Labelling of prepacked foods: QUID' (non-prepacked foods are not affected by any other QUID requirements, only the percentage of meat).
In the case of products that do not have an ingredients list the QUID should be presented as a statement specifying the type and amount of meat - for example, 'X% meat'.
Where more than one type of meat has been used you must declare the content of each - for example, 'X% chicken, X% pork'.
The QUID can alternatively be given in the name of the product - for example, 'Sausage roll (20% pork)'.
There are compositional requirements that some meat products must comply with; full details can be found in 'Composition of products containing meat'.
The following products do not require a QUID for the meat content:
- raw meat with no added ingredients
- chicken and poultry cuts with no added water
- sandwiches and similar products (excluding burgers) that are ready to eat
- pizzas and similar products
- soups, broths and gravies
IRRADIATED FOOD STATEMENT
If the food (or any ingredient in the food) has been irradiated, the words 'irradiated' or 'treated with ionising radiation' must appear in close proximity to the name of the food.
HOW TO PROVIDE FOOD INFORMATION
On the product. If possible, the information can be presented on a label that is on the packaging, attached to the packaging, or visible through the packaging.
On a notice. The information can appear on a notice in close proximity to the product or on the shelf edge.
Verbally. In the case of allergen information only, you can give the customer the information verbally. You must place a notice in close proximity to the product (or on the product itself) inviting customers to ask a member of staff for allergen information - for example, 'Please ask us about allergens in our food'. Refer to 'Food allergens and intolerance' for full details.
TRADING STANDARDS
For more information on the work of Trading Standards services - and the possible consequences of not abiding by the law - please see 'Trading Standards: powers, enforcement and penalties'.
IN THIS UPDATE
Clarification on how to provide food information.
Last reviewed / updated: March 2024
Key legislation
Please note
This information is intended for guidance; only the courts can give an authoritative interpretation of the law.
The guide's 'Key legislation' links may only show the original version of the legislation, although some amending legislation is linked to separately where it is directly related to the content of a guide. Information on changes to legislation can be found on each link's 'More Resources' tab.
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